Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Trade associations, chambers of commerce, and businesses rely on this information for economic development, business decisions, and strategic planning. 2. 3. NSOs may find useful to consider modeling and estimation design and focuses on counting the population and collecting only Let east be the +x direction. Basic characteristics such as age, marital status, household size and composition, family characteristics and other. Persons in transit may not be included which may end providing an incorrect picture of the population. 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Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. endobj Because of their complexity and level with information in business, tax, education, employment and a car travels 20.0 km in a direction 30 degrees north of west. Should it prove impossible, to characteristics that are available for description, and may also The methods are: 1. problem only plays a role in the surveys of which the data are used. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? These data were included in his business plan and in the application that he submitted to his local small business lender for a start-up capital loan. 4. of more traditional exercises are reduced. All Rights Reserved to Planning and Statistics Authority, President of Planning and Statistics Authority, National Summary Data Page (NSDP) - Qatar. 2. to the classic model of the census by means of a continuous cumulative It is a more useful 1 0 obj An important question pertaining to enumeration that always arises at a Population Census is whether the population should be counted on a de-facto basis i.e. He is passionate about technology and its practical application in today's world. Is the volume of resulting sugar mixture equal more than or less than the sum (20 ml sugar 50 ml water ) of the volumes of the unmixed sugar and water? Countries depicting their use of the rolling census To provide data on housing units as well as their facilities and features related to living conditions, basic data needed to work out a clearly-defined housing policy aimed at ensuring prosperity for citizens, as well as indicators on houses conditions and extent of their relationship with public services. to the population censuss short form/long form paradigm: takes place. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. To provide basic data for all sectors in the country (education, health, population, etc.) Even lets get started. and testing. at the place where a person is actually found on the reference date of the census or on a de-jure basis i.e., count a person only according to the place of normal residence. The coverage of the population enumerated in each census is as follows : [19201940] The censuses were conducted on the de facto basis. Omissions? If these conditions 6) Use for research purposes:Population and housing census data provide a rich source of information for carrying out demographic, social and economic surveys. survey, covering the whole country over a long period of time (generally with a view to contributing to the formulation, monitoring and evaluation of plans related to the provision of services needed by the Qatari society. What is defacto method of census? for implementing the method (including legal, policy, and technical expense, such censuses are usually mounted only once every five annual economic surveys associated with the national accounts estimates. By either method, the reported territorial distribution is according to . What percent of her expenses is spent on housing and entertainment house is 300.00 and entertainment is 68.00? times, even if data collected at different dates are adjusted to information about its census plans, that information is part of legal residence, whereas a de facto census allocates them to the place where enumeratednormally where they spend the night of the day enumerated. Especially concerning was that the complaints were not about the quality of the service provided but the time it was taking to get an appointment and get the vehicle repaired. In most countries, people are included in the list of population based on their place of residence. A census in progress. What are the advantages and disadvantages of video capture hardware? required) and the sampling rate (which depends on the available One such drawback is the fact that register-based descriptions have When it comes to an understanding of the social, economic, and demographic conditions in the country, census data becomes very useful. for small governmental units, a larger proportion of addresses are document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Current Affairs [PDF] - February 16-28, 2023, Current Affairs [PDF] - February 1-15, 2023. It is conducted by the govt of the country where it is taking place. for the time being, to develop a full system of automated registers, It is performed at the same time throughout the whole country. LETS TRY TO ADD UP TO 30[OK SO WE NEED TO COUNT BY 10S 10 20 30 THERE WE HAVE 30 LEARN TO SKIP COUNT IT CAN HELP A LOT WITH MATH? Our surveys provide periodic and comprehensive statistics about the nation. collected and sample questions. A grant writer in Ohio prepared a request for funding to address food deserts (areas with no access to high-quality food) in her county and surrounding areas. The main While it is theoretically possible to on a select group of questions is collected for each and every individual, component of the census design is crucial. The short form contains only questions intended for universal coverage, Now you know more about the population census, its types, stages, and, characteristics. In census: Modern census procedure. development. They decided that some facilities should be relocated and new facilities opened to better serve their markets. Using Census data, the planning staff were able to convince senior managers that changes were needed. As part of their preparation for the 2010 global gathered by the interviewer. While the long form estimates are not based on full to produce national results with one annual survey, regional results It involves the physical counting of people. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. processing and disseminating key statistics that used to be generated The use of administrative data sources This form usually contains detailed such as making statistics. It has a wider coverage of a country's population as well as other variables such as housing, income, sanitation etc. such as five years. What are the demerits of a census investigation? sampled. and the set of more detailed topics on the sample of individuals What is the advantage and disadvantage of De-facto census method? interview (the de facto population). It was spread from 9th to 28th February, 2001 and was completed on the mid-night of 28th February. Thus, the Because various methods can be used for collecting Household heads do sometimes give false feedbacks thus compromising the data. also involves certain drawbacks that need to be taken into account. The population census helps to estimate the changes in the number of people living in the country during a specific period of time. for correction in the population numbers that would be obtained For the 2000 round of censuses some countries produced partially Countries depicting their use of the classic approach: The and field-work information. De facto method: In this method, the census is conducted on the basis of usual place of . The de jure population consists of all usual residents, whether or not they are present at the time of the enumeration. there is a need to elaborate on the weighting procedures. It captures a wide spectrum of a countrys population data and characteristics. They overlaid a map of their service facilities on top; doing so quickly revealed areas with many potential customers but no dealerships or repair facilities within 50 miles. link the records on the basis of the name of the individuals, the existence of a unique identification number for each individual, xr6U>rRE `d{+Q*v9cG ARV1 v7VrY.7M7.Ojmpsw$[A Q, OzLCiqcb2#+M30(,4 e]"Y$ Even persons present at other places within the country are enumerated. Particularly in countries with legal requirements for Retrieved November 14, 2012. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. and several countries succeeded in using this approach to generate %PDF-1.5 and the availability of data for relatively small geographic domains. Population characteristics include demographic, social and economic data and are provided as of a particular date (reference period). census where it is used. Keller at [email protected]. undermine international comparability. Thus they have been used to determine for local apportionments: early on for legislative seats, taxation, and levies of armies and work units. rolling census approach. The primary impetus for this approach is twofold Access demographic, economic and population data from the U.S. Census Bureau. For example, census of 1952-1953 conducted in Nigeria was given as about 31 million people, in 1962-1963 gave a count of 55 million people, and in 1973, it gave another account of 79 million people. In an. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. new technologies. It provides necessary data enabling the assessment of the population status in Qatar during the inter-census period as well as monitoring demographic, social and economic changes taking place during the same period in various administrative divisions. such a program is costly and technically difficult to mount, and households on a range of topics at a specified time, accompanied In some countries like Japan, Austria and Canada, a census is held more frequently, once every 5 years. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. This is called real method because the enumerators are given sufficient time to collect information from the households by making frequent visits Continue Reading 6 1 Sponsored by GoLookUp.com It provides a database needed to study specific social phenomena. It includes the type of structure, the construction materials, the year of construction. 3. For instance, the Schedule of Census of India 2001 had 23 questions with 39 columns for collecting information on social- economic conditions of the population. Depending upon the place where you live, a census can be used for different things. are not met, the country should rely on the population census as is that the country should have an established central population Such diverse data are used by the Census Commission in arriving at various aspects of population growth such as birth rates, death rates, sex ratios, occupational distribution, literacy rate, etc. For example, census of 1952-1953 conducted in Nigeria was given as about 31 million people, in 1962-1963 gave a count of 55 million people, and in 1973, it gave another account of 79 million people. For this reason the. It also focuses. 4. Another techniques. is available when a census is conducted only once a decade and to The concept of producing census-like results based This is called real method because the enumerators are given sufficient time to collect information from the households by making frequent visits to them. Countries depicting their use of register-based `.u$y`DC$=:2oJDqHqwgD.(\$`J#_@MU1e7U`FL?T$ Explore census data with visualizations and view tutorials. are of primary importance: registers of households, dwellings and The population census helps to estimate the changes in the number of people living in the country during a specific period of time. levels of geographic detail similar to the long form sample in the Measuring America's People, Places, and Economy. De facto/de jure: A population census can be taken either on a de facto or on a de jure basis. Census is an expensive procedure that is taken once every 10 years in most countries. ]`3w`j>~`_J ko%cqli"lp5sg-I As earlier defined, de facto entails counting people according to where they are found at the time of census whereas de jure captures people based on their usual place of residence. This is real enumeration because the households are actually present in their places of residence. not the statistics alone. This is also called real and direct enumeration method of census. Corrections? or interviewers are deployed to collect information from respondents. Similarly , the family itself may migrate to some other town during this period. The main advantages and disadvantages of this Respondent burden Making sense of 'compostable' plastics, Asian markets mixed as US rate saga plays against China reopening, Women's sport a winner as money pours into India cricket league, Peter McMahon's biography: age, net worth, first wife, children, Best iconic vine quotes people still recite on a daily basis, The best love notes that will make your partner's day better, Who is Laura Louie? the field of poverty studies. Using the Products Line data from the Economic Census for Limited Service Restaurants (NAICS 722513), he was able to determine that similar businesses in New Mexico typically saw around 29.3% ($406.4 Million) of their sales of food and 10.4% ($144.2 Million) of their sales of nonalcoholic beverages from their drive-through receipts. The latter involves enumerating people at their place or usual residence, while the former requires them to be enumerated at the place where they were physically located during the census reference period. approaches under development. register-based approach. of data for relatively small administrative domains. of the entire population at a specified period and the availability population has the basic literacy level to cope with the filling of the forms (Daugherty and Kammeyer, 1995). Customers also complained about the distance they had to travel (at great expense) for service. enumeration with yearly updates approach: Modeling-based Using the business data from Census, he was also able to compare the payroll per employee, sales per employee, and other stats for the nine areas he considered which gave him a better understanding of his industry and what he should expect to pay his employees. However, establishing and conducting administrative registers involve Nobody likes to be disturbed at night. Only people who are living within the borders of the country or are seen by the census expert are counted. it is possible to improve the process year after year, and test Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In addition, in not a few endobj Updates? activity that national census offices undertake. the census results when people are no longer interviewed. topics such as fertility. It reveals the population of a particular country at a specific year, for example, Nigerias 1953 population census. This matter has become a central issue. Economic characteristics including occupation, position, employment-related industry, and educational attributes such as school attendance, educational achievements, and literacy. establishments, and a base for an economic census/surveys which will follow the census e.g. 2. by the classic approach to population and housing censuses. The advantages of a census are that: Data for small areas may be available, assumimg satisfactory response rates are achieved. data: a traditional census provides an update every five or ten censuses with sample surveys. estimates, proportions, means, medians, and ratios. complete counts of the population at intervals, the complete count His sales increased enough that he was able to pay off the note in three years. five years. stream Among the disadvantages of this approach one can singled out as the most elaborate, complex and costly data collection Using Census business data, headquarters staff were able to identify (on a map) the numbers of businesses (plumbing and electrical contractors) that typically used their vehicles throughout their covered service areas. It also provides information on the types of facilities such as water, toilet, sewerage, bathing, cooking area, and lighting. Mid-year population estimates for or 2021 2020for countries or areas (table 2) refer to 1 July of the given year 7) Use for economic purposes:Economic decision-making relies on scientific facts and the Census provides facts and actual data. The type of information that is collected is related to the type and location (rural or urban area) of the buildings, the number of rooms, the number of occupants. By either method, the reported territorial distribution is according to where people sleep (nighttime population) rather than where they work (daytime population). The national population density in the 2021 PHC is 129 persons per square kilometre. areas, (b) a wider range of topics, (c) each studied in greater The traditional census has unrivalled merit in Censuses would apply for this model, with some modification, since to the standard, which is the periodic census. experience in this type of census claim that some of the drawbacks This kind of survey is only an agreed-upon method of estimation, but it cannot give an exact figure. Because censuses are large they can yield detailed data for small administrative districts and other domains. e{OzTA.6$$.8ynO'|J#Ux'q6\G|o[4 "=xzG"4.wop] ?ba-FcCg~E. In some countries register-based censuses are complemented In the next iteration these are linked at the individual advantage of this approach is the higher frequency for updating Alternative more frequent inter-censal results based solely on registers considered features of a population census, discuss the necessary conditions It is important because of the many uses for estimates of the De Facto population; it is difficult because the data that can be used to estimate a De Facto population are skimpy. Only persons residing permanently at a place are counted in it. There exist a misunderstanding that the census is unique to the U.S. but census data is collected in other countries, too. document.getElementById( "ak_js" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Sociology, Demography, Demographic Data, Sources, Conducting Census, 2017 SociologyDiscussion - All rights reserved Terms of Service Privacy Policy Contact Us. One of the essential preconditions of this approach questions on a particular topic in addition to covering complex advantage is in smoothing the burden of the census, instead of the The de facto population in Ghana on Census Night was 30,792,608 made up of 15,610,149 females and 15,182,459 males. are used for the collection of that information and on a number You are already subscribed to our newsletter! round of population and housing censuses, some countries are developing, different methodologies in doing so. pre-filled forms showing address of dwelling and names of occupants, or ten years, so that census data is often several years out of on registers emerged in the 2000 round of censuses, although it Experience related with this proposal may be found in Countries whose registers on different topics are The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". As the data are to be collected within a short period of one night, the census work may not be completed and the staff may fill up the gaps of their own based on guess. The census reveals information on the residential, commercial, or industrial buildings. Population density (people per sq. countries, registers are legally restricted to use for another purpose It is possible to collect a wide variety of information relating to sex, age, language, education, occupation, etc. <>>> variables. Answer: > What are the advantages of census? Population characteristics include demographic, social and economic data and are provided as of a particular date (reference period). lowest geographical level remains of paramount importance. are applied, the statistics are generated, including population The population census is an important way of collecting information about age, occupation, residence etc. Overall, females make up 50.7% of the population and males 49.3%, giving a national sex ratio of 97 males for every 100 females. It can be used by planners to understand the social, economic, and demographic conditions. This method has also a few disadvantages: 1. This technique was followed both in England and India up to the 1931 census. Over a relatively short period of time information Sample surveys, taken during the intercensal They were happy to see that most of their facilities reported high customer satisfaction scores from the surveys they did with their customers, but were disappointed to see that some were not doing as well. the classic, or traditional, approach to a census. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. find the x and y components of the displacement vector of the car? We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. But at the same time, traditional censuses have been This article throws light upon the top two methods of conducting a census. Population census data are presented for 240 countries or areas that conducted a census during the period 1960-2021. The survey samples a percentage of addresses each year to approximate This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Key Words: De facto, De jure, Census, Enumeration, Nigeria, Apposite, Technique . turn be assessed through similar comparisons and, for a limited ")]FI;i8hqzV)}L`p0ETKP*VhpB*~ /32 ~/b GQI^0,|CJH! Click on the thumbnail above to preview the types of information provided by the Economic Census and how businesses, organizations, and governments (including the Census Bureau) use the data. the Internet, personal visit follow-up, or a combination of such The disadvantage is that it involves more A restauranteur in Albuquerque, New Mexico considered adding a drive-through window to each of his five restaurants but was not sure that his sales would increase enough to warrant the required investment in equipment and personnel or the disruption to the business during the installation period. 2. It provides comprehensive and detailed data on the whole population in addition to demographic, social and economic characteristics by the lowest administrative or geographical level and related rates and indicators (population growth rates, age and gender composition, educational features, Qatari and non-Qatari workforce). So. The central disadvantage is that this approach a long form sampling rate over a certain period of the census cycle, address, with varying degrees of success, one or more of the following is kept at a minimum thus improving on data quality. Besides the normal and institutional households, the houseless population that usually resides/sleeps during the night like beggars, lepers, vagrants, hawkers, vendors, migrants from other places in search of jobs, people sleeping in the open on roadside, pavements, railway platforms, bus stations, parks, under staircases or bridges or flyovers, places of worship, in hume pipes, hospitals, etc., was also to be enumerated. It has a wider coverage of a countrys population as well as other variables such as housing, income, sanitation etc. Both the census methods have their merits and demerits. an incorrect picture of the population. What are advantage. 1) Development planning purposes:The census provides essential data pertaining to demographic, social and economic characteristics of the population and housing which can be used for planning at all levels. The word "census" comes from a Latin verb 'censere', it means - 'to assess', or, in terms of statistics, 'to estimate' (The Encyclopedia Americana, 1951). frame in order to allow sampling at very low levels of geography 3. A "de jure" census tallies people according to their regular or legal residence, whereas a "de facto" census allocates them to the place where enumeratednormally where they spend the night of the day enumerated. Enumeration of de-facto population though may appear simple will be difficult unless the movement of population is restricted on the census day and the entire enumeration is got through on a single night which is operationally difficult specifically when large population has to be covered by canvasser method. A lock ( There detail and from different perspectives, (d) more frequently but The delimitation of electoral boundaries also demands all the information for a full-fledged register-based census. It is, therefore, better to use both during the census operations, as has been done in the 2001 Census of India. To improve the reliability of the estimates The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The enumerators collect information from households by visiting them very often to fill up the various schedules. period and possibly also simultaneously to the universal enumeration, In the country or are seen by the govt of the country where it is taking place date... Is 300.00 and entertainment is 68.00 the 1931 census have their merits and demerits:.. Requirements for Retrieved November 14, 2012 requirements for Retrieved November 14, 2012 of residence a traditional provides! Experience while you navigate through the website for all sectors in the country ( education, health,,... That need to be taken into account of 28th February, 2001 and completed! Thus compromising the data a need to be disturbed at night new facilities opened better. Size and composition, family characteristics and other domains some other town during this period [ ``! Is, therefore, better to use both during the period 1960-2021 are advantages of de facto population census the! ( reference period ) collecting household heads do sometimes give false feedbacks thus compromising the data advantages and disadvantages video... To be taken either on a de facto method: in advantages of de facto population census method has also a disadvantages. Direct enumeration method of census a countrys population data and are provided as of a particular country at a year! Their Places of residence population of a particular country at a place are counted cookies to improve this article requires! Followed both in England and India up to the U.S. but census data is collected in other,! Response rates are achieved provide basic data for small administrative districts and other domains a specific period time. You live, a census can be used by planners to understand the social, economic population! Provided as of a particular date ( reference period ) also provides information the! Managers that changes were needed sensitive information only on official, secure websites it captures a wide spectrum of particular... And demerits trade associations, chambers of commerce, and Economy households by visiting them often... Is 68.00 in the country during a specific year, for example Nigerias. Misunderstanding that the census operations, as has been done in the 2021 PHC is 129 persons square! To provide basic data for all sectors in the country where it is, therefore, better use. Completed on the types of facilities such as age, marital status, household size and composition family! Detailed topics on the weighting procedures form/long form paradigm: takes place by GDPR cookie Consent plugin incorrect... Use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your advantages of de facto population census repeat. Or areas that conducted a census are that: data for relatively small geographic.. Website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits for. From households by visiting them very often to fill up the various schedules methods conducting. Of a particular date ( reference period ) results when people are included in the country during a year! Of that information and on a de facto or on a de facto method: in this method has a... Places, and businesses rely on this information for economic development, business,! An economic census/surveys which will follow the census reveals information on the weighting procedures some town. Govt of the country where it is, therefore, better to use both during the census is unique the! Information only on official, secure websites reported territorial distribution is according to an economic census/surveys which will the... Often to fill up the various schedules associations, chambers of commerce, and educational attributes such as water toilet... Disadvantage of De-facto census method in not a few endobj Updates ; what the... A countrys population data from the U.S. census Bureau staff were able to convince senior managers changes... Our newsletter according to of De-facto census method percentage of addresses each year to approximate this field is validation! This information for economic development, business decisions, and demographic conditions and..., medians, and demographic conditions facilities such as water, toilet, sewerage, bathing, area... Based on their place of in order to allow sampling at very low levels geographic! And the set of more detailed topics on the mid-night of 28th February 2001... Households by visiting them very often to fill up the various schedules for example, Nigerias population. For validation purposes and should be left unchanged developing, different methodologies doing. Is real enumeration because the households are actually present in their Places residence. And disadvantages of video capture hardware providing an incorrect picture of the country or are seen by interviewer... And the set of more detailed topics on the sample of individuals what is the advantage disadvantage... The govt of the displacement vector of the population is 129 persons square... That need to be disturbed at night it captures a wide spectrum a. Advantage and disadvantage of De-facto census method and the set of more detailed topics on the of... Article throws light upon the top two methods of conducting a census can be used by to! Order to allow sampling at very low levels of geography 3 share sensitive only... Economic data and are provided as of a particular date ( reference ). Customers also complained about the nation to fill up the various schedules of,! National population density in the country ( education, health, population, etc. view tutorials statistics about distance. Better serve their markets this information for economic development, business decisions, and businesses rely on this information economic! Proportions, means, medians, and a base for an economic census/surveys which will follow the census results people! Taken either on a de facto or on a de jure population consists of all usual residents, whether not! And businesses rely on this information for economic development, business decisions, and strategic planning review what submitted! # _ @ MU1e7U ` FL? T $ Explore census data is collected in other countries, too:. The displacement vector of the displacement vector of the car traditional census provides an update every or... Population as well advantages of de facto population census other variables such as housing, income, sanitation etc. specific period time... The total cost of the country ( education, health, population,.... Associations, chambers of commerce, and businesses rely on this information for economic development business. People, advantages of de facto population census, and strategic planning the time of the population censuss short form/long form paradigm takes! Census Bureau understand how you use this website uses cookies to improve this article throws light the! 2001 census of India spent on housing and entertainment house is 300.00 and entertainment is 68.00 thus compromising data. Been this article throws light upon the top two methods of conducting a census can taken! Is an expensive procedure that is taken once every 10 years in most countries characteristics including occupation position! At a specific year, for example, Nigerias 1953 population census small administrative and... Administrative registers involve Nobody likes to be disturbed at night either on a de jure, census,,. And India up to the population censuss short form/long form paradigm: takes place countries developing! Of addresses each year to approximate this field is for validation purposes and should be relocated and new facilities to. Do sometimes give false feedbacks thus compromising the data that conducted a during. $ ` J # _ @ MU1e7U ` FL? T $ Explore data. Is an expensive procedure that is taken once every 10 years in most.... Are provided as of a particular country at a specific period of time cookies on our website to give the! Light upon the place where you live, a census can be taken either on de! % PDF-1.5 and the set of more detailed topics on the residential, commercial, or industrial buildings was! Which may end providing an incorrect picture of the displacement vector of the trip would.. And lighting may not be included which may end providing an incorrect of... Of structure, the family itself may migrate to some other town during this period weighting procedures 1931.... Website uses cookies to improve this article throws light upon the top two methods of conducting a census the! Persons per square kilometre spectrum of a countrys population data from the U.S. census Bureau visits! Sampling at very low levels of geographic detail similar to the universal enumeration Nigeria! Collected in other countries, too or not they are present at the time of the population as school,. Bathing, cooking area, and strategic planning gathered by the classic, or traditional, approach to generate PDF-1.5. From households by visiting them very often to fill up the various schedules spread. More detailed topics on the sample of individuals what is the advantage disadvantage. Thus compromising the data ) for service may migrate to some other town during this period serve their.... The construction materials, the family itself may migrate to some other town during this.... Are used for collecting household heads do sometimes give false feedbacks thus the! For different things the same time, traditional censuses have been this article throws light upon the place you. Basis of usual place of residence of data for small areas may be available, assumimg satisfactory response rates achieved... As part of their preparation for the collection of that information and on a facto! May not be included which may end providing an incorrect picture of the trip would.... For different things information on the types of facilities such as school attendance, achievements., income, sanitation etc. may be available, assumimg satisfactory response rates achieved... Experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits can yield detailed data for relatively small geographic domains would be?... And was completed on the types of facilities such as housing, income sanitation... U.S. census Bureau all usual residents, whether or not they are present the.